短文改错考的全是「会做却看不见」的错误:每个词都认识,就是看不出少了个 s、错了介词。盲改不如按类型排查——十大错误类型过一遍筛子,漏网之鱼自然现形。
十大错误类型对照表
| 错误类型 | 典型例子 | 改正 |
|---|---|---|
| 动词时态 | yesterday 与现在时混用 | 统一为过去时 |
| 主谓一致 | Everyone are here | Everyone is here |
| 名词单复数 | many book on the desk | many books |
| 冠词 | He is a honest boy | an honest boy |
| 介词搭配 | in Monday morning | on Monday morning |
| 形容词副词混用 | He runs very quick | quickly |
| 代词 | Each of them have a desk | Each of them has a desk |
| 连词逻辑 | Because he was ill, so he stayed home | 删 so |
| 固定搭配 | look forward to see you | to seeing you |
| 词性误用 | He is a success man | a successful man |
改错四步排查法
- 第一遍通读抓时态基调,全文时态必须统一
- 第二遍逐句查:动词三看(时态、一致、非谓语),名词看单复数
- 第三遍查虚词:冠词、介词、连词、代词
- 第四遍按题量复核:一般一词多一缺一错八,改多了或缺多了都扣分
- 改动最小原则:能改一个字母就不改整个词,能删就不换
规范作答:错词下画横线、正确的写在右边,多词用斜线划掉、缺词加插入符号,格式分不要丢。
易错点:because 与 so、although 与 but 不能同现
改错最爱考「中文思维残留」:Because he was ill, so he stayed at home 一句里 because 和 so 只能留一个,although 和 but 同理。判断方法找「逻辑双保险」:一句话里同时出现因果或转折的两套连词,必删其一。另一个高频坑是形容词副词混用:修饰名词用形容词,修饰动词用副词,runs、speaks 这类动词后面的修饰词十有八九该是副词。按「动词后查副词、名词前查形容词」的顺序扫,这类错一个也跑不掉。