过去将来时就是「站在过去说将来」：He said he would come。它几乎总藏在宾语从句里，和时态呼应规则绑定出题。把「主句过去、从句退一步」的口诀吃透，这一分就稳了。
过去将来时的表达方式
| 表达 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| would | would + 动词原形 | He said he would come the next day. |
| was / were going to | was / were going to + 原形 | They said they were going to travel to Shanghai. |
| 过去进行时表过去将来 | was / were + 位移动词 ing | He said the train was leaving at five. |
宾语从句时态呼应对照表
| 主句时态 | 从句原本用 | 呼应后用 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 一般现在时 | （不受限） | 按实际时间选 | He says he will come. |
| 一般过去时 | 一般现在时 | 一般过去时 | He said he was busy. |
| 一般过去时 | 现在进行时 | 过去进行时 | He said he was reading. |
| 一般过去时 | 一般将来时 | 过去将来时 | He said he would help me. |
| 一般过去时 | 现在完成时 | 过去完成时 | He said he had seen the film. |
呼应口诀：主句过去，从句「退一步」——现在退到过去，将来退到过去将来，完成退到过去完成。
易错点：从句里忘了把 will 改成 would
主句是过去时（said、told、asked），从句却写 will、can、may，是时态呼应最经典的错误——He said he will come 应为 He said he would come。判断方法先盯主句动词：过去时出现，从句立刻全句扫描退时态。两个例外要记牢：一是客观真理不呼应，The teacher said light travels faster than sound 仍用一般现在时；二是从句有具体将来时间且强调既定安排时，口语中可保留 will，但考试答题默认按呼应规则走。